How can retail banks in UK restore customer confidence and improve Dissertation

In what capacity can retail banks in UK reestablish client certainty and improve consumer loyalty after the money related cri - Dissertation Example activity and client certainty. It assembles the various determinants of such issues dependent on a few reviews including around 10,000 respondents made of for the most part clients of banks or families, some bank Branch Managers, and some bank workers. What will give an approach to improve consumer loyalty and client certainty must be the imaginative activity of all the UK Retail Banks. Since, it has been recouping from the monetary emergency (as far as benefit) while its clients hate the consequences of that recuperation, the UK Retail Banks ought to recognize the particular needs of clients, consent to FSA guidelines, and offer clients an approach to be a piece of the financial recuperation. That is beside doing their administrations appropriately. All things considered, it was found that the clients were not the reason for decrease in the monetary factors. Theories and absence of information concerning the dangers engaged with the Capital Market were seen as the main driver of the latest downturn. Lamentably, it gave the idea that the clients were the individuals rebuked for the financial decrease, while the banks that estimated were rescued by government reserves. Credit turned out to be elusive for clients of banks. Terms and conditions got hard to acknowledge. Presently the banks are recuperating while the overall population are as yet attempting to be dealt with decently by the banks. Step by step instructions to resuscitate consumer loyalty can be replied by the arrangement of the required items and administrations for clients who need them so as to develop or be restored financially. There are numerous determinants of consumer loyalty. Every one of them point to a certain something. Be worried about the peoples’ needs and flexibly their necessities appropriately. Part I Introduction In request to resuscitate the UK economy during the downturn time frame in 2008, the Bank of England executed Quantitative Easing for its financial strategy powerful 2009. In the period of March 2009, ?75 billion was added to the cash flexibly when BoE printed money to buy Gilts (government securities). This was trailed by ?50 billion in May 2009; another ?50 billion in August 2009; and the last ?23 billion in November 2009. These sums were foreseen to arrive at the families in the end with the goal that the customer spending would increment and the market should be resuscitated. (BoE, 2009) Unfortunately, the cash stalled out in the banks (Inmam, P. 2011). The affixed Figure 1 shows how the speed of move from banks to the companies, SMEs, and families ended up being moderate. When BoE explored for the motivation behind why, it was accounted for that the banks needed to remake its liquidity first with the aggregate of ?200 billion discharged.

Research on Educational and Social Science

Question: Compose a paper on Educational and Social Science? Answer: Presentation This investigation manages inquire about on instructive and sociology. In the ebb and flow situation, it is clear to direct an applicable research on training that has different points of interest in all period of life. It is seen that there are a portion of the instructive goals that incorporates, educating, learning and the kid itself (Seidman, 2013). These are the fundamental qualities of training and it shows up in an experimental structure. Instruction look into incorporates, detailing, finding just as portrayal of human encounters. This examination records the human encounters that is a lot of outside to the exploration and will shape an experimental relationship with the end goal of study (Celik, 2014). Reason for the investigation The reason for the investigation is to inquire about on instruction and science and draw out the significance to the people (Bryman, 2012). The whole investigation shows that how instruction can acquire a change the life of the individuals. After the exploration, it is straightforward the accompanying: Understanding the investigation of human subjects Motivation behind training in the current world Strategies executed by the scientist Moral comprehension of the term instruction Research questions: What does the term instruction really implies? Is instruction basically preparing Is training basically learning Does training is about a lot of individual or an organization overall Is training an item? Is training an assistance The above inquiries are replied in an experimental way, it is connected with the science also, and it offers ascend to new circumstances just as relationship (Krathwohl, 2009). In the event that these inquiries are replied and comprehended in a legitimate way, at that point it is anything but difficult to go further with the training on look into. Information assortment procedures The information are gathered from the different foundation just as teachers who are into this segment from long years. Instruction is granting quantitative enquiries that lead to different wonders dependent on the positivist speculations. Instruction is required by all so as to have a tranquil existence. It is of concern whether the examination on instruction is to relate with the domain of quantitative or subjective (Ritchie et al. 2013). Another inquiry is connected with the term worldview that is another system that implies lies between the positivism just as constructivism. Another inquiry emerges during this exploration is whether the instruction framework is logical or not. Specialist called attention to that conventional investigation of instruction began before the twentieth century. This began when there was presentation of schools just as offices for granting instruction to the understudies. Schools are viewed as amazing instruments that lead to standardization just as to d irect capacity to render people just as establishments (Krathwohl, 2009). The information assortment is quantitative in nature and different workshops ought to be led to affect the upsides of training in the ongoing scene. Target gathering The objective gathering is the people who have a place with beneath neediness line (Seer, 2014). Free instruction ought to be given to them so as to give an equivalent chance to them to confront the world. It is significant that the small kids must have the fundamental training with the goal that they can bargain their life in a tranquil way (Mertens, 2014). The need of value training is required for every person who are quick to learn. In the current situation, it is seen that schools has gotten increasingly proficient and convey instruction to get cash from the understudies. Exertion ought to be made by the top power to instruct the poor kids since then they can undoubtedly lead their life in a tranquil way (Coupland et al. 2014). Government should focus on the people just as families to teach them with the assets accessible to them. In the ongoing scene, it is significant that essential instruction should be bestowed inside each youngster so they can undoubtedly take choices of th eir own without even reliant on others. Training encourages us to stay fearless and autonomous that support the certainty level also. Moral issues Families that have a place with underneath destitution line couldn't stand to instruct their youngsters with essential training. This at last prompts kid work when the individual need to work at shops just to run their own family (Erickson, 2012). Morally, the youngster future ruin and they have no presentation to the external world on managing life in a greatly improved manner. Kids should have the thought process to learn ideas that are instructed to them in the school. The greater part of the kid tends to by heart the words so as to finish the assessment. This is viewed as an abuse of value training. Understudies ought to comprehend the idea and make approaches to apply it in down to earth life (Anderson et al. 2015). It is a fantasy that instruction can take care of the issues however we ought to likewise attempt to actualize it in the genuine too. Virtues, regarding older folks, behaviors are something, which we ought to have inside ourselves with the goal that we can without mu ch of a stretch arrangement our life (Kelly et al. 2014). Training encourages us to settle on key choices and that is conceivable with basic speculation on a specific issue that is looked by us in the everyday running of the ordinary life (Smelser, 2013). Consent to get to the objective gathering Different nongovernmental affiliations are available who urge free instruction to kid who has a place with underneath destitution line (Bernard, 2012). Different clashes will emerge when managing the families too. The families are of the conclusion that training can't support the youngster and that will prompt wastage of cash too. Because of absence of training, the families don't know about the significance of instruction later on world. Government should make approaches to instruct the youngster who are beneath the destitution kid to diminish kid work issues. With quality instruction, people will have the option to take vital choices for their life sooner rather than later (Bhattacherjee, 2012). Pay to members The educators or teachers who grant free instruction must be empowered with pay also that will urge them too to teach in an ideal way. Granting training is a decent deed where individuals trade their thoughts and perspectives to others that will assist them with growing later on (Gill, 2014). Inspiration is required for the speaker who is conferring free training to the understudies. It is seen that people need acknowledgment for their difficult work, so it is required to repay the members who empower quality training among kids. Alleviation of issues The issues on instruction can be settled just when there is appropriate training framework where there is genuine feeling of learning just as educating. The moral issues are decreased if there is legitimate conduction of courses that will address the individuals about the significance of training in the ongoing scene. Commonsense life situation should be made that will show that how instruction causes us in each progression of managing the life. Kid work and populace issues can be effectively understood if every individual get quality training throughout everyday life. Proposal I will suggest that training is basic for every individual with the goal that they can lead their life in a serene way. Instruction gives us to take the most basic choices throughout our life to bargain in a superior way (Kazdin, 2011). It is prudent to the legislature to confer free instruction to the youngster who has a place with low neediness line. It is additionally required to give quality instruction that is for the most part viable in nature. Understudies ought not tend to breeze through the assessment, rather center to comprehend the primary idea of the investigation material and apply it, all things considered. People ought to be polite, comprehend the estimation of loved ones just as fundamental habits that will assist with turning into a genuine resident of the world (Waldrop, 2014). We ought to instruct ourselves to take choices by our own and get the best situation in top global organization. With the training, we land positions according to our prerequisites and afterw ard help other people in the gathering. Training encourages us to function as a group, construct a feeling of responsiveness and trustworthiness just as uprightness. Quality training makes us to take a gander at issues in various manner and attempt to explain it. End Toward the finish of the examination, it is seen that instruction is required at all periods of life to bargain a serene life. The investigation calls attention to the focused on individuals who need the instruction in a pressing note. Different moral issues are referenced in the investigation because of absence of value training. Families don't comprehend the estimation of training in the ongoing scene that has a place with low neediness line. In the event that individual make approaches to instruct oneself and comprehend the fundamental idea, they can add to the nation too. Training assumes a significant job in helping us to think fundamentally for a particular issues. Reference List Anderson, L., Krathwohl, D., Bloom, B., Barrett, H. C., Die, N. S., Cant Imagine Death, W. W., Bering, J. (2015). Ainsworth, Mary DS, Blehar, Mary C., Waters, E., and Wall, Sally.(2014) Patterns of Attach-ment: A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation. New York, NY: Psychology Press. ALS Association.(2011, August)Astrocytes Toxic to Motor Neurons. ALS Association Newsletter. American Psychiatric Association.(2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disor.Thinking about Thinking: Cognition, Science, and Psychotherapy, 245. Bernard, H. R., Bernard, H. R. (2012).Social research techniques: Qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Sage. Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Sociology inquire about: standards, techniques, and practices. Bryman, A. (2012).Social research strategies. Oxford college press. Celik, V. (2014). Training and Science. Coupland, N., Sarangi, S., Candlin, C. N. (2014).Sociolinguistics and social hypothesis. Routledge. Erickson, F. (2012). Subjective research meth

Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed Why Worry I Served!

Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed Why Worry I Served! Some applicants mistakenly regard community service as a prerequisite for getting into a top MBA program. And some who believe that it is a prerequisite will sign up for community activities without considering whether their chosen organization or cause is a reasonable fit for them. Although community service is generally a positive, given that it demonstrates altruism on the part of the participant and frequently indicates leadership as wellâ€"attributes that may not be revealed in the workplaceâ€"community service is not a panacea. As you contemplate your involvements, keep in mind that “hours served” are not as important as the spirit of your participation and the extent of your impact. We encourage MBA candidates to carefully consider their community experiences in the same way that they would examine and evaluate their professional or entrepreneurial opportunities. Although people can sometimes make mistakes in their career paths, most gravitate toward areas where they can excel, justifiably to further their own interests.   So, for example, if you do not enjoy one-to-one interactions, you likely would not consider a position in sales, because you could never thrive in such a position. In contrast, if working in sales were to bring out the best in you, you just might earn promotions, think of new sales techniques, train others, etc. Stories develop as a by-product of performance. So, for example, if you have always enjoyed a particularly close relationship with your grandmother and want to share this kind of positive experience with others, you might decide to volunteer to spend time with seniors at a retirement home, where you would naturally be predisposed toward success. If you were quite passionate about your work there, you just might get others involved, expand the volunteer program at the home, take greater leadership in the program, and show other forms of initiative and enthusiasm. However, if you are not that passionate about the elderly, but you just happen to live near a retirement home, volunteering there just for convenience would likely be a mistake, because you would lack the spirit of commitment/adventure necessary to ensure that you have an impactâ€"and therefore have a story worth telling the admissions committees. Whether you are already committed to an activity or just considering becoming involved in one, carefully determine whether you have the spirit necessary to truly commit yourself to your chosen cause and make a difference. If all you can commit to is merely putting in the hours, you will only be wasting your time. Share ThisTweet Admissions Myths Destroyed Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed Why Worry I Served! Some applicants mistakenly regard community service as a prerequisite for getting into a top MBA program. And, some who believe that it is a prerequisite will sign up for community activities without considering whether it is a reasonable fit for them. Although community service is generally a positive, given that it demonstrates altruism on the part of the participant and frequently indicates leadership as wellâ€"attributes that may not be revealed in the workplaceâ€"community service is not a panacea. As you contemplate your involvements, you should recognize that “hours served” are not as important as the spirit of your participation and the extent of your impact. We encourage MBA candidates to carefully consider their community experiences in the same way that they would examine and evaluate their professional or entrepreneurial opportunities. Although people can sometimes make mistakes in their career paths, most gravitate toward areas where they can excel, justifiably to further their own interests.   So, for example, if you do not enjoy one-to-one interactions, you likely would not consider a position in sales, because you could never thrive in such a position. In contrast, if working in sales were to bring out the best in you, you just might earn promotions, think of new sales techniques, train others, etc. Stories develop as a by-product of performance. So, in community service terms, if you have always enjoyed a particularly close relationship with your grandmother and want to share this kind of positive experience with others, you might decide to volunteer to spend time with seniors at a retirement home, where you would naturally be predisposed toward success. If you were quite passionate about your work there, you just might get others involved, expand the volunteer program at the home, take greater leadership in the program and more. However, if you are not that passionate about the elderly, but there is a retirement home on your block, no matter how convenient it would therefore be to volunteer, it would likely be a mistake for you to do so, because you would lack the spirit of commitment/adventure necessary to ensure that your story materializes. So, whether you are already committed to an activity or just considering becoming involved in one, you should carefully determine whether or not you have the spirit necessary to truly commit yourself to your chosen cause and make an impact. If all you can commit to is merely putting in the hours, you will only be wasting your time. Share ThisTweet Admissions Myths Destroyed Blogroll

Designing Promotional Strategies Based on the Target Audience

Promotional Strategy #1: Target Audience - African-American women (18-30). Product Fitness/Exercise Products. The vast majority of African-American consumer spending is done by females. It is estimated that black female buying power is upwards of $565 billion (Buying Power, 2008). This consumer group is still highly untapped. In regards to fitness and exercise products, many studies cite that women of African descent have lower physical activity levels and/or are more sedentary, than White counterparts resulting in compromised life quality and reduced life expectancy (Townes Hughes, 2004). One way to tap into this market segment is to target black media. A study conducted by Black America Today found that on average, African-Americans are more than twice as likely to trust black media over mainstream media (Jeffries Jumaralli, 2006). Popular outlets include BET, TVOne, and the Aspire Television Network. Over 81% of all African-Americans aged 18-55 watch black-interest TV channels weekly and 68% are active on African-American media sites, about the same percentage of Americans as a whole (B uying Power, 2008). However, marketing should not be exclusive to black media. Other channels should also be included, but with creative that makes a personal and/or cultural connection. Diverse marketing teams can help ensure proper messaging strategies that stress benefits and feature dialogue that will resonate with the population. Additional grassroots promotionalShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mix Of A Business Organization1210 Words   |  5 Pagesof the people but it is an important part to the success of business whether large or a small and its most important focus is on quality, consumer value and customer satisfaction. It is a business function that identifies consumer needs, determines target markets and applies products and services to serve these markets. It is seen as the task of finding and stimulating buyers for the firms’ output. It involves production development, pricing, distribution and communication. In the more progressiveRead MoreReport on Nido1305 Words   |  6 PagesPrinci ples of Marketing Term Report Part 3 NESTLE NIDO Promotional Strategy NIDO has adopted a â€Å"pull† strategy for its promotion. A â€Å"pull† selling strategy is one that requires high spending on advertising and consumer promotion to build up consumer demand for a product. Since, in Pakistan, most of the mothers depend upon fresh milk or packaged milk, therefore NIDO identified the need and created the demand for an instant milk powder that has all the nutrition that a growing child needsRead MoreLeaflet Critique - Health and Social Care Essay1165 Words   |  5 PagesABSTRACT This study involves critically appraising five different health promotional leaflets in relation to teenage health fitness and exercise. The analysis includes the evaluation of design, the effectiveness of illustration, textual layout, typography and contents. The organisation of material, language, readability, learning and motivation is also assessed. All five leaflets are looked at in comparison to each other, highlighting out all the pros and cons. With this information, a HealthRead MorePrevalence Of Chlamydia And Prevention Tips For Adolescents Within The Community1697 Words   |  7 Pagestheir partner is also provided. New Theory Application Based upon their current success of the Chlamydia project, the Tri-city Clinic staff has decided to implement a social marketing campaign in order to increase condom use among additional sectors of the community. Like the Chlamydia project, this social marketing campaign hopes to prevent STI transmission. The Condom social marketing campaign will utilize the Marketing Mix: audience segmentation, product, price, place, and promotion (StoneyRead MoreAnalysis of a Leading Real Estate Company in Virginia, CBPRO1423 Words   |  6 Pagesthe case with the industry in general. (Coldwell Banker – Virginia Beach, Page 279). Due to high competition in the residential real estate industry (especially locally), coupled with fluctuating national economic conditions, and narrowly defined target customers, CBPRO faced several distinctive challenges; residential and clients lists were important to CBPRO business and to its competitors, especially the local competitors. SWOT Analysis: The strengthens of CBPRO – with only few years inRead MorePet Health Insurance For Pet Owners1704 Words   |  7 Pagesincrease. As the market is stable some key factors that will lead consumers to seek pet insurance will be the increasing prices for routine checkups and high charges to their veterinarians. (COOK, 2016) The target audience for our pet insurance will be the same in both regions. 80% of our targeted audience will be married couples with kids and are homeowner’s. Typically married couples are established, own a home and with a backyard that is ideal for pets and with an average income of 80-100k. Since thisRead MoreCoca Col A Global Leader1268 Words   |  6 Pagesflavored syrup to his neighborhood pharmacy and mixed it with carbonated water. Those who sampled it deemed the drink â€Å"excellent†. Dr. Pemberton’s partner and bookkeeper, Frank M. Robinson, is credited with naming the beverage â€Å"Coca Cola† as well as designin g the trademarked, distinct script, still used today (Worldofcoca-cola.com). Although Coca-Cola Inc.’s headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia, the company’s operational reach encompasses over 200 countries worldwide across six operating regions: EurasiaRead MoreBranding, Pricing, and Distribution1715 Words   |  7 PagesBranding, Pricing, and Distribution In today s marketplace you need a strategy that insures a consistent approach to offering your product or service in a way that stands out from the competition. Branding, pricing, and distribution are all important parts of a strategic marketing plan. Brand identity is a very important part of a business. Brand identity is the impression in the consumer’s mind of a brands total personality. The brand personality is the image the company wants to convey throughRead MoreBest Practice Category 3 : Joint Performance1390 Words   |  6 PagesBest Practice Category 3: Joint Performances Based on the secondary research, the change of demographic structure has a significant effect on the orchestral marketing. Millennials, who are typically defined as those who born between the 1980s and early 2000s, outnumber baby boomers. Since millennials were raised and grow in a different social, cultural and economic environment, they think and behave differently from the older generation. One of the key traits for this new generation is that theyRead MoreMarketing and Nescafe1262 Words   |  6 Pagesits offerings are available in 32 countries including France, China, Canada, Pakistan, India, UK, USA and others(Nescafe, 2010). Nescafe s Global Strategy Nescafe has build a strong brand equity through the use of aggressive marketing strategies globally. Each country/region s Nescafe forms its own strategy to effectively target its audience and generate sales accordingly for the profitability and growth of the company. It is for this reason that some variants are designed and marketed to

10 Ways to Keep Your Class Interesting

Have you ever been in the middle of teaching a class, glanced at your students, and caught them staring into space? Just when you think youve created the perfect lesson plan or engaging activity, you may find that your students are unfocused and out to lunch. Yet its essential that you find ways to keep your classes interesting so your students can absorb and retain the information that you present. For decades, educators have been trying new teaching strategies to keep their students on their toes and get them excited about learning. Although some strategies have failed, others have been found to be quite effective. Explore 10 teacher-tested ways to keep your class interesting so your students will stay engaged all the time. 1. Incorporate Mystery Into Your Lessons Learning may be the most fun for your students when they dont know what to expect. Try to incorporate a sense of surprise and mystery into your lessons. When youre about to unveil a new lesson, give students a new clue each day up until the last day before the start of the lesson. This is a fun way to make your lesson mysterious, and you may find that your students are actually looking forward to finding out what theyll be learning about next. 2. Dont Repeat Classroom Material Its appropriate and essential to review classroom material, but try not to repeat it verbatim because this can make it less interesting for students. The next time you need to review material, try playing a review game during which you present the information in a way thats different from the first time you taught the students. The 3-2-1 strategy is a fun way to review and not repeat material. For this activity, students draw a pyramid in their notebooks and write down three things they learned, two things they thought were interesting, and one question they still have. 3. Create Classroom Games Whether youre 5 or 25, playing a game can be fun. Games are also a great way to keep lessons interesting. If your students need to remember their spelling words, conduct a spelling bee—a contest in which participants are eliminated when they misspell a word. Or if the students need to practice math, have a math bee, which is similar to a spelling bee, but with math problems or facts instead of spelling words. Games make learning fun, and games in class are a prescription for happy kids. 4. Give Your Students Choices One strategy that teachers have found to be effective is offering their students the ability to make their own choices when it comes to learning. Choice can be a powerful motivator because it helps to foster student interest and independence. The next time youre planning an activity, try making a choice board. Print out a tic-tac-toe board and write down nine different tasks for students to complete. The goal is for each student to choose three tasks in a row. 5. Use Technology Technology is a great way to keep your lessons interesting. Children love electronics, so try incorporating it into your overall teaching strategy. Instead of standing in front of the room and lecturing, try using a Smartboard interactive display. Expand your cooperative learning activity lessons by connecting to a classroom in another city or country via videoconferencing. Use technology in a variety of ways, and youll see the interest level in your classroom increase by leaps and bounds. 6. Dont Take Teaching so Seriously Being an effective teacher is an important job, but that doesnt mean that you have to remain serious in class at all times. Try to loosen up a bit and acknowledge that your students may have different interests and learning styles than your own. Its OK to laugh at yourself at times and to have some fun. You may find that your students are more interested when youre a little more relaxed. 7. Make Your Lessons Interactive In a traditional classroom, the teacher stands in front of the room and lectures to the students as the students listen and take notes. Unfortunately, this is not the most effective way to hold students interest. Make learning interactive by creating hands-on lessons that involve students every step of the way. Try using the Jigsaw cooperative learning activity in which each student is responsible for his or her own part of a group activity. Or try a hands-on science experiment. When you involve students and make your lessons interactive, your class becomes more interesting. 8. Relate Material to Your Students Lives Try to create a real-world connection to what your students are learning. This will give them a better understanding of why they need to learn what youre teaching. If theyre constantly asking you why they need to learn something and youre always answering with â€Å"because,† you will soon lose credibility. Instead, try giving them a real answer such as, Youre learning about money because in the real world, youll need to know how to buy food and pay your bills. By giving a straightforward answer, youre helping them make a connection between what theyre learning in class and how theyll use this information in the future. 9. Flip Your Lessons The flipped classroom has been gaining in popularity since the term flipped entered the broader education world in 2012. When it was first presented, the idea that students could learn new information at home and then come to school and use class time for critical thinking activities and reinforcement of concepts was unique. However, many teachers are using this strategy and achieving positive results. Students in a flipped classroom are able to work at their own pace (which is great for differentiated learning) and engage with their peers in a more interactive, meaningful way when theyre in the classroom. Try using the flipped teaching strategy for your next lesson and observe the depth of your students engagement. 10. Think Outside the Box Lesson plans dont have to include worksheets or lectures during which students sit and take notes time and again. Try thinking outside the box and plan a lesson thats completely out of the ordinary. Invite a guest speaker, go on a field trip, or take learning outdoors. When you try something new and different, theres a good chance that your students will respond positively. When planning a lesson, try collaborating with another teacher or taking your students on a virtual field trip. Learning that engages students is the most effective. Your students will find it more interesting to learn when you present the material to them in a variety of creative ways.

Hamlet The Irrational Prince Essay - 1138 Words

Has the Prince of Denmark gone mad? Or has he simply disguised his intensions by acting like a lunatic? In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark, named Hamlet, is the main character that’s going to avenge is fallen father. Shakespeare makes the audience wonder if Hamlet is really mad or he is just presenting some excellent acting skills that make it seem as if he has really gone insane. We must consider if he has gone mad, could be due to the loss of his father and if he is just simply acting mad, could that be to confuse his enemies? And hide is intensions? One thing is for certain and that is Hamlet cannot act on his words. He is excellent at expressing himself verbally either to others or to himself but cannot act on them which†¦show more content†¦This is an excellent reason for Hamlet to pretend that he is mad. He is too much of a coward to simply go and kill Claudius and by acting crazy he will gain valuable information. While he acts mad, he is hiding his intensions of his plan to murder Claudius. Claudius see’s Hamlet as no threat because he has gone mad. Hamlet in fact is also presented as very clever to come with the plan to act mad. By acting insane Hamlet will confuse his enemies and at the same time hide his intensions which is very ingenious but at the same time much more time consuming then simply going and murdering Claudius without having the need to put on an act on madness. Even though Hamlet has put on this act of madness, in time, he will be confused to weather he is really insane or sane and conform to being mad. While being in the act of madness, Hamlet is able to get away with things that he normally would not be able to get away with such as swearing and being very disrespectful towards Ophelia, Claudius, Polonius and Gertrude. Hamlet is also unable to take responsibility for the murder of Polonius, blaming his madness and using that as an excuse for the killing of Polonius. If Hamlet was not mad and he killed Polonius, he would face a lot more problems and will face punishment for his actions but since he was ‘mad’ when he killed Polonius, he is simplyShow MoreRelatedShakespeare s Madness : A Timeless Reflection Of Society1535 Words   |  7 Pagespsychosis; however, these illnesses prove not to be the exact cause of the various downfalls to the characters throughout the play Hamlet. The author, William Shakespeare, depicts a different type of insanity in the play, one that seems ambiguous but also feels eerily similar to ones that still affect others to this day. Shweta Bali, author of Mechanics of Madness in Hamlet, Macbeth, and King Lear, reiterates this by stating, â€Å"Insanity—real or obfuscated—is integral to the fiber of many of ShakespeareanRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1356 Words   |  6 Pages Matthew Macioch Ms. Yulico English 101 30 December 2015 In William Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet, it is clearly evident Prince Hamlet is overcome with â€Å"madness† due to his father’s murder and other malicious actions taken against him. Throughout the play, there are many examples of how Hamlet displays his insanity due to certain situations he experiences and how he handles them. Hamlet shows his madness through the killing of Polonius, his treatment of Ophelia, his thoughts of suicide, and theRead MoreHamlet : Effects Of Revenge On Characters And Society1298 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet: Effects of Revenge on Characters and Society Revenge can be termed as an action of hurting or harming someone in return for an injury or wrong suffered at his or her hands. Revenging is known to cause more harm to both the parties involved. Different literature works has widely used revenge to show impact of a conflict and to institute drama. Shakespeare is one of the famous authors who have utilized revenge in their literature works to make his audience ground to following his worksRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1219 Words   |  5 PagesIn Shakespeare’s classic play Hamlet, there are certainly a host of contrasting and influential characters that come together to naturally unfold the surprising events that make up the story. One such character is Ophelia, who spices up the play quite a bit. One of the main components, aside from her unrequited love of Prince Hamlet and her spying on him on behalf of her father and brother, that allows her to be such a central character is her madness, which leads up to her death. Not everyone agreesRead MoreHamlet by William Shakespeare648 Words   |  3 PagesTo be, or not to be, or maybe just to pretend to be – Hamlet - make up your mind already! Before discussing Hamlet’s hamartia, please let me say that Hamlet is one of my all-time favorite plays. Yes, it is tragic. Yes, they all fall in the end. But, good lord, what action! So, what is this shortcoming the unfortunate Hamlet possesses that brings about his undeserved end? Before discussing the frailty of this tragic hero, let us examine the word, hamartia, used by Aristotle in â€Å"The Poetics†. HamartiaRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet, Prince Of Denmark884 Words   |  4 Pagescharacters and situations. The writer creates these characters with personality to fulfil their story with drama. The play â€Å"Hamlet, Prince of Denmark† by William Shakespeare consists of many dramatic characters. The main character, Prince Hamlet, is a troubled college student who is mourning the death of his father and disagreeing with the marriage of his Uncle to his mother. Hamlet begins to seek revenge on his Uncle, and new step-father, but his madness begins to show Hamlet’s motives. Analyzing Hamlet’sRead MoreHamlet and Ophelia’s Madness Essay674 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark is one of Shakespe are’s most tragic plays. Most of the characters in this play suffered a heartbreaking death, although, all of the characters faced anger, regret, madness or distress. Madness was a reoccurring theme in this play, two characters portrayed this more than others. Ophelia and Hamlet faced similar fates, with similarities and differences along the way, all to do with their madness. Hamlet and Ophelia were two young people in love and were supposedlyRead MoreEssay about Discussion of Hamlet’s State of Mind in His First Soliloquy901 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"melt† or dissolve into nothingness. So pessimistic and cynical is hamlets worldview at this time, that he describes the world as â€Å"flat and unprofitable†¦things rank and gross in nature possess it merely† In Hamlet’s state of mind he cannot see good in anything of the world, his despair has caused him to doubt that there is any goodness or innocence left in the world for him to benefit from. Hamlet refers to the world in a metaphor as â€Å"an un-weeded garden†, directingRead More The Real and Feigned Madness of Hamlet and Ophelia Essay example514 Words   |  3 PagesIn William Shakespeares Hamlet, a kind of madness ultimately infects everyone, leading to an ending in which almost every major character is dead. Two of these maddened characters are Hamlet and Ophelia, who also share a love for each other. But though their irrational behavior is often similar and their fates alike, one is truly mad while the other is not. Both Hamlet and Ophelia act very strangely. Hamlet, the prince of Denmark, insults everyone around him. He tells Ophelia he never loved herRead MoreWhy Hamlet Delays in Avenging his Fathers Death Essay677 Words   |  3 PagesWhy Hamlet Delays in Avenging his Fathers Death The tragic play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, tells the story of the enigmatic Prince Hamlet who is set the task of avenging the murder of his father at the hand of his uncle, King Claudius. Though it is clear that Hamlet harbours deep resentment towards his uncle and is eventually certain of his mission, Hamlet is seen to consistently delay in completing his task for various reasons. Whether it is because Hamlet is

Personal The Yemin Order Project Essay Example For Students

Personal: The Yemin Order Project Essay Personal Essay: The Yemin Order ProjectI am extremely happy at school which has helped and encouraged me to develop allmy skills both educational and social. I was also part of the Yemin Orde projectfrom which I benefitted enormously. Therefore as the school has done so much forme I would like and want to return something positive back into the school, andI feel that this is an excellent opportunity for me to achieve my goal. Leadership I teach a large class of children at Cheder including meplanning work for them. Ability to work in a team I exhibited this skill onthe Duke Of Edinburgh expedition Ability to work as an individual I am ableto use my initiative which can be seen when I designed a computer presentationfor the prospective Parents Evening this school year. Ability to grasp asituation and respond appropriately I exhibited this skill during my time inYemin Orde when a friend of mine had an asthma attack and I individually aidedhim while going to find help. I am decisive yet open minded and I am able to listen attentively. I have theability to reach sound judgements without accepting unquestionably and canreport my decision in a fair and balanced way. I believe that I can work wellwith authority in a variety of situations and I can realise where the ultimateauthority lays. I believe that the position of Student Officer is not so muchone of authority but of responsibility. Social Issues

Mumia Abu-Jamal Essays (450 words) - Mumia Abu-Jamal, Jamal

Mumia Abu-Jamal Edward Vassallo Monologue 2/25/01 I dont know if you heard but last week Ramona Africa spoke at Penn State University. She discussed the freedom of Mumia Abu-Jamal, a so-called political prisoner. If youre from Philadelphia youre probably familiar with these individuals. Africa was a member of the MOVE organization in Philadelphia, which is against all forms of government, and technology. Abu-Jamal was a radio journalist, a member of the Black Panther Party and of MOVE. He is a convicted cop killer and currently sits on death row. Thomas Paine wrote, It is an affront to treat falsehood with complacence. Yet this man has conned people into believing he was framed by the Philadelphia Police Department. Celebrities Paul Newman, Susan Sarandon, The Beastie Boys and Rage Against the Machine lend theyre support to Abu-Jamal. Colleges, such as Kent State, gave this murderer the honor of giving a commencement address to the graduating class. In case you were interested in the facts, which many of his supports are not, here they are. In 1981, Mumia Abu-Jamal shot Officer Daniel Faulkner in the back and again between the eyes, during a routine traffic stop. How do I know this? Five eyewitnesses testified to it. His legally registered gun was found on the scene with five spent shells. The bullet retrieved from the slain officers brain was traced to Abu-Jamals gun. Numerous people including anti-death penalty activists sympathetic to his case heard him say, I shot the mother *censored*er and I hope the mother *censored*er dies. Do you believe he was framed? If you do Ill tell to another. How about this? In 1997, Pamela Jenkins claimed that witness Cynthia White recanted her entire testimony and outlined a plot to frame Abu-Jamal. Miraculously, this conversation took place four years after Cynthia White died. To support him you must buy into a conspiracy theory involving hundreds of people from the Philadelphia Police Department, to the city and state legislature. Would you take the side of a convicted killer over men and women who risk their lives day after day to ensure our safety? These people protect us from the scum of the earth and to shoot one of them down is disgusting to me. Abu-Jamal does not deserve his legal rights. According to the members of Justice For Daniel Faulkner, Officer Danny Faulkner was murdered by Mumia Abu-Jamal, who shouldnt be in an 8x10 foot cell. He should be 6 feet closer to hell. So if you believe in an eye for an eye then you agree Mumia must die. Social Issues

Fggghgh Essays

Fggghgh Essays Fggghgh Essay Fggghgh Essay MEDALLION COUNCIL PROJECT REPORT FORM CATEGORY:Environmental Concerns PROJECT NAME:Green Holiday Party PROJECT DATE(S):December 20, 2012 FHSAA CLASSIFICATION: 8A_ MAIN GOAL(S) OF THIS PROJECT (give specific goals): * To celebrate the holidays in an environmentally sustainable way * To bring the school community together in order to create crafts from recycled materials * For budgeted alternatives on holiday celebration PROJECT DESCRIPTION (50-250 words): As an eco-friendly way to celebrate the winter holidays, Timber Creek Student Government decided to encourage their students to make the season â€Å"green†. To start this project, bins were placed in each classroom for a collection of recycled materials from students and teachers. SGA then gathered the collection of donated materials from Timber Creek and got crafty by turning them into differently designed recycled and biodegradable ornaments. This way, the students can learn more alternatives to decorate for the holidays by spending little to no money. The assorted ornaments were placed on all of the trees throughout the Timber Creek campus as display for everyone at the school. A separate set of ornaments, bracelets, bowls, and art were made by SGA and put on sale for one dollar in the courtyard for students to purchase during lunch and between classes. The students were amazed with all of the different things you could make with such cheap materials like newspapers, cardboard and plastic that the sales rate became surprisingly high. : The ornaments on the trees spread holiday cheer throughout Timber Creek. Timber Creek SGA showed the students that there can be budget-friendly and eco-friendly ways to celebrate the holidays. EVALUATION (Were your goals met? What changes would you make? ) The Green Holiday Party was an environmental and educational success. Timber Creek Student Government was able to sell over 100 recycled and biodegradable ornaments. All of the profits went towards charity to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital because all material was donated. Timber Creek students were very involved in this project by purchasing ornaments and walking around the courtyard to notice all of the different-looking ornaments made out of recycled material. The ornaments on the trees spread holiday cheer on the Timber Creek campus. To improve the project next year, SGA could consider asking for donations earlier than just a week prior to the project.

Subcultures of violence in american society Research Paper

Subcultures of violence in american society - Research Paper Example Generally speaking, subculture refers to those smaller groups of people who are the part of a larger culture and engage in a specific activity which other refrain from doing. Here the subculture is performing violence and assaults, and take it as honor and pride to indulge in them. It is widely seen that the people in lower class or poverty line engage in violence and assaults as compared to people in other classes. Violence is an integral part of human being and throughout history he has proven this fact. Where there existed a society or community there was a prominent presence of violence, fights and hatred. However, America being a fast moving city has given home to many law violators, aggressive criminals and illegal activist. According to(Time) â€Å"In the U.S. today, it seems to many that violence is in the ascendant over cooperation, disruption over order, and anger over reason†. More or less major population who engage is violent behavior is the black population of Am erica. Sadly, they become violent because of the vengeance and bitterness they harbor in their mind towards their family and the society, and little less is done by law abiders to pacify them. Being violent and involving in crime and homicides can also be connected to psychological and physiological problems infested among wrong doers. The root of all evilness in mind is coming from various problems occurred in their childhood or family life during the past. â€Å"Children who grew up in a family without a male presence are more likely to engage in criminal activity ,specifically interpersonal crime ,than those grew up in traditional family†(Dibich,20). It is found that children with a single parent are more likely to commit crime than one who has been raised in a whole some family. If a child during the early years of his life misses the love and caring from one of the parent, they tend to find relief by committing violent activities and crime. If one look or analyze the cri me scene of American society, it can be easily revealed that black Americans are indulging in violence than white Americans. The crime filled dark streets have eventually become the hard truth of American urban culture and law abiders are not seemingly doing much about it. The senseless killing and cruelsome attacks are reckoning to be the black image of the American city life. A fire arm possession has become a right of every citizen of America and thus over 50 million homes has guns in the name of self defence.Such large possession of fire arms are giving opportunity to violent people to conduct any sort of atrocities to a strangers or family members in a moment of rage. In America the Southern region has been distinctively tagged as the violent region than rest of the country. And many study has a shown that this region leads in assaults and homicides in the country. However, the reason for south to remain a violent state has been a question to ponder on by researchers and sociol ogist. Many believe that the historical background of the southern region is to blame for this kind of criminology while other believes that poverty and social inequality is the real culprit. There is also an accepted concept in the southern region of America that one can enhance their honor and reputation by engaging in violence and criminal activities. The culture of a particular individual has a major role in determining the way he conducts himself in day to day

Self reflection evaluation of standardized patient exams Essay

Self reflection evaluation of standardized patient exams - Essay Example Yes, I am pleased with the way I communicated during the interview. This is because I was able to maintain an eye contact and give the time for the interviewee to answer the questions. This is very critical in retrieving the information. However, if it happens again, I would start with simple questions in order to gain the trust of interviewee. In the video, two things that I did well are active listening and displaying appropriate empathy. These are skills that I learned during training. They were important in enabling me to get in-depth information from the interviewee. After watching video, I realize that if I was given another opportunity, I would train more and ask more questions with the SP. This is through reading more books and watching videos of effective interviews. This would enable me to learn more skills from other professionals. My main goal is to gain experience in the nursing career. I also intend to learn the bigger picture of the FNP role. This would be significant in enabling me to understand ways of serving the patients

Music, Culture and Value of Music in a Digital Future

Music, Culture and Value of Music in a Digital Future The uses of Music, Culture and the value of ‘free’ Music In a Digital future â€Å"We’ve lost a whole generation of kids, who grew up downloading free music from the web and cannot fathom paying for it† Abstract The past ten years have witnessed an enormous growth of musicology within the music and entertainment industry with questions concerning musical meaning and the extent to which it’s informed by cultural experience and socially derived knowledge. Groundbreaking developments are increasingly encouraging the demand for new products and platforms from consumer markets that have grown up downloading music knowing no better than to find their entertainment through the internet with the illusion that it is free. This dissertation looks at the early forms and purposes of music up to present day, factors threatening the music industry and what has affected it over recent years. The increased use of the internet, cheap software equipment and other technological art forms, have changed the way we sell, listen to and buy new music. I want to investigate what effects will this have on the industry in the future and what does this mean for artists and the way music is created and valued. Introduction Introduction will contextualise the central theme and notion of the work and describe my motivation and intensions. I will focus the introduction on the chapters individually. ‘The industry has been hanging off the edge for some time’ (McQuinvey, J. Date. P.). Chapter 1 – Talk about the development of technological devices related to new formats, and the main purposes of music up until today. Chapter 2 – Talk about the technological developments which have an effect on the way we buy and listen to music. New devices and gadgets are demanding newer ways to attain music and how we consume new music. Chapter 3 – Talk a little about the different types of people using and making music, how this is affecting record labels and what will happen in the future. As the development and discovery of technology grows and grows from early dates to present day, enabling more and more possiblilities†¦. Cultures and social activities are affected by radical technological change†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ‘One of the primary proponents of this categorization was William. F. Ogburn. He argued that in most cases it is the sequence of technology that causes social change’ Over the past however many years, digital downloads have been fought against buy, major labels, causing decades of copyright and pirate copying of music films and entertainment mediums. 2005 onwards†¦ Today in 2008 the subject of digital downloading and the internet is being redefined and recognised by the major record labels hoping to create a future with easy access to new music quickly and cheaply. Starting new web sites for downloads etc. People want faster choices and ways to attain their entertainment. The fast changing cultures within society Growth of music technology Internet sites- Amazon competing with major companies to sell a wider range of products as more and more people are buying online instead of using high street shops and other retailers. Modes and categories inherited from the past no longer seem to fit today’s reality, experienced by a new generation. Chapter 1 – (Progression of early forms of music, formats and purposes) For centuries music has been the biggest form of entertainment within households, pubs, clubs and events ever since the recording of sound, but since the early days of music the purposes and the means to consume music has grown considerably up to the 20th century forcing formats, technology and the music industry to change with time. This chapter will outline the progression of technology associated with music and its means of use in relation to new entertainment. When ‘Bartolomeo Cristofori’ became the inventor of the piano, identified as a stringed keyboard instrument with mechanically operated rebounding hammers, Cristofori’s invention became a success and around 1922, a survey was carried out which shows that the piano was the most popular instrument used in over 25% of the average household. Along with many other musical instruments dated before and after the piano, instruments were used for enjoyment and entertainment and at times for families and friends who would gather together to play and sing songs on special occasions. When the very first phonograph was introduced by Thomas Edison around 1878 and the Edison Speaking Phonograph Company was established. The phonograph would be treated in the same way as a piano or organ as families would again sit around and listen to records or family stories within the home but Edison realised the opportunities he had created with his invention. Edison’s invention enabled the possibilities of using the phonograph to perhaps dictate a letter, dictate books for the blind, make family recordings of their voices, music boxes and toys, clocks that announce the time, and a connection with the telephone company to record conversations. In 1857 Frenchman, Leon Scott de Martinville was the first to have invented his documented phonoautograph machine which was able to record sound waves but only created a visual analogue of the waves, until around 20 years later when Thomas Edison allowed two innovators to re-develop the later phonograph which became the gramophone. The gramophone used disk shaped materials to record onto which produced better recording quality and a longer playback time. American inventor Emile Berliner then created a process which allowed the sound tracing to be etched side-to-side in a spiral onto a zinc disk, this master would then be electroplated to create a negative which would then be used to stamp duplicate copies onto vulcanized rubber (and later shellac), a process which would change the means of music forever, a process now known as the mass reproduction of musical entertainment. The process to record, duplicate and play back music opened endless forms of entertainment and the industry were set to take the world by storm, selling records and making profits to consumers. The gramophone quickly outsold and overtook the phonograph and by the end of World War 1 the disc had become the dominant commercial recording format. A technological development which has had a major impact on music in this century is sound recording. Over the past seventy years the concert audience has been transformed from musical amateurs to a large number of potential buyers. The birth of sound recording started as a mechanical process, and with the exception of the Telegraphone in 1899 this process remained until the 1920s when a group of groundbreaking inventions in the field of electronics revolutionized sound recording and the young recording industry. Sound transducers were introduced such as microphones and loudspeakers and a few various electronic devices were made for the purpose of amplification and modifications of early electrical sound signals resulting in the mixing desk. Inevitably, over time all these components and inventions have had an affect on the way musician’s record music, the uses of music and the growing demands of the music consumers to attain music. These electronic inventions created the means for growth and development within the music industry opening a wide range of possibilities for the recording process. Although many inventions and ideas were yet to be discovered, early music and its uses had progressed from a means of confined entertainment within the household to a possible, world wide product with which Emile Berliner’s early duplication process played a large part when it came to distribution and portability of recorded music. As time passed, increasingly people were able to buy recorded music which would be played on a gramophone wherever it may be. Emile Berliner realized the market wanted a range of music which can be bought, stored and played at any given point, the money earning potential would be high and with the importance of his discoveries, decided to start ‘his very own’ brand of recorded music which up until today, with the changes and the new strains on the industry has been extremely successful with the famous dog and gramophone design of ‘His Masters Voice’ (HMV). Music was now, not only being used just for enjoyment or purely for entertainment but was now, being recorded, duplicated and distributed to consumers around the world who are able to replay music over and over and enjoy their collections when ever and most importantly where ever. The next major progression concerning music which would increase the needs of high quality equipment was the introduction of descriptive and respective music tracks within film. The years 1920-1928 were known to be the golden age of silent movies. Early movies were accompanied by music scores containing pieces usually played by an organist, pianist or an orchestra depending on the class of the theatre. Sound tracks however were introduced to cinema audiences around 1926-1927 even though technology to add sound to film was discovered in 1911 it took another 15 years or so to be introduced and implemented into movie productions. The use of music within film during this particular period was predominantly used to raise the attraction of early movie productions which would change forever after the opening of Pandora’s Box in 1927 and the increase of technical achievements which led Al-Jolson to ad-lib a few spoken words in ‘The Jazz Singer’. Recorded music for films then after became extremely successful within the movie industry and over the next few years Warner Bros. took control of this area (now a multi-billion pound industry) by producing ten all-talking films with accompanied sound tracks and scores leaving the silent movies on the shelf. This production process increasingly outlined the importance of having good quality sound systems to playback the music and sounds on film. Music will always essentially be a huge form of entertainment in many ways but now different music was being used for more reasons than originally supposed. With the on going growth of equipment and technology music became a money making product after the discovery of sound recording, music began to be used to compliment or help describe a visual performance rather than being an individual form of entertainment, it was now coinciding with other art forms and was boosting the popularity and profits of associated productions. With the discovery of magnetic media music will be promoted on a mass worldwide scale and allow the public and potential music buyers to listen to broadcasts over the air. The first radio broadcast which involved music was said to be in 1906 at Brant Rock MA, when Fessenden played his violin, sang a song and read a few verses from a bible into his wireless telephone on Christmas Eve 1906. It was classed as a broadcast because it was designed for more than one listener and was pre-announced rather than a one to one conversation. 1920 saw the first licensed radio broadcast, as Frank Conrad’s company was asked to go on air on a regular basis to send out music to the listeners and would sell radios to pay for the service. Radios were advertised in local newspapers to households and within a few years there were hundreds of stations entertaining thousands of people who had bought or built their own receivers. It was no longer, that an audience had to sit in their own home and manually operate a gramophone, no need to necessarily buy records from HMV and will no longer need to worry about play back time of records as the public could listen to the radio everyday, and tune in to their favorite radio stations free of charge. Growing factors underlined the importance of good quality equipment to further the success of music and the portability of music, which led to new discoveries of early formats and storage devices such as magnetic tape machines, cassettes tapes/players to audio cd’s. After the rubber and shellac records, which were the primary recording medium at the time, a new means for recording came about in 1934/35 when Joseph Begun of Germany built the first magnetic tape machine which was used for mobile radio broadcasting before creating the first consumer tape recorder which provided the ‘3M Company’ with a billion dollar industry. Magnetic tape machines became very popular storage and recording devices in radio stations and recording studios as they offer higher quality recording and longer continuous playback of recorded material, the most beneficial aspect of the invention of tape was its portability. Eventually two track tape machines were introduced which extended recording possibilities within the studio but magnetic tape was never used commercially by consumers until the release of the first compact audio-cassette tape in 1963 by The Phillips Company of the Netherlands. With a cheap and easy recording medium such as the cassette tape combined with a cassette tape player, It could be argued that this sparked the ever destructive and ongoing battle of music piracy. Taperecorders/players were sold with built in radios as standard and by the touch of a button it was possible torecord sounds and music straight from the radio. After Phillips had patented the cassette tape in 1965 and decided to make it free of charge all over the world, companies then started to design new portable recorders and players to compliment the compact size of the cassette tape. One of the popular models of tape players was the Sony Pressman which was a monaural tape recorder released in 1977. The next year in 1978 Sony founder and chief advisor Masaru Ibuka requested the general manger of the Tape Recorder Business Division to start work on a stereo based model of the earlier Sony Pressman which birthed the Sony TPS-L2 headphone stereo Walkman in 1979 that would completely chan ge the way consumers listen to music. Theyll take it everywhere with them, and they wont care about record functions. If we put a playback-only headphone stereo like this on the market, itll be a hit. What made the Sony Walkman such a big hit was the portability that it was offering to its consumers. Ever since the invention of the piano/organ, phonograph, gramophone, record players, wireless recorders and receivers, although, all mediums allowed the consumer to listen to music in various ways, none of which actually enabled the listener to become portable, ‘on the move’ to be able to listen to their material literally wherever they wanted. Recording and listening to music from this point onwards almost became a hobby for a generation of people who would listen to the radio to try and catch their favourite song to record to tape, allowing them to repeatedly replay the material and start a collection of stored music. Many types of storage formats have been introduced by this point but very few which are truly beneficial to the storage and quality of music mediums. After the magnetic media such as: wire, core memory, drum, card, tape, disk and OM disk came many floppy disk formats which played a great part in early computing storage formats. Different versions of optical mediums were introduced ‘optic data disk’ coming before Sony proposed a standard for the compact disk (CD) in 1980 but was followed by formats such as: DVD, HD-DVD, holographic, Blu-ray DVD and developments with OM disks. The introduction of optical mediums saw Sony’s standard CD to hit the very top in high quality recording and storage mediums. CD-R’s are a ‘write once, read many’ optical medium (WORM) which is a recordable version of the CD and holds a high level of compatibility with standard CD readers unlike CD-RW’s which can be overwritten many times but has a lower compatibility level with CD readers and the disks are slightly more expensive. CD’s became the most popular medium of music and data storage due to its capacity and ease of recording but there is one flaw in its design as after a life span of around 2 years it’s possible for the CD’s data to degrade with time showing a coloured dye as a result. CD’s hold a standard capacity of 700Mb where as the introduction of DVD’s upped the capacity to 4.1 GB but was mostly associated with movies projects which contain much larger files. CD’s are still the highest quality recording/storage medium to attain or store music on outside of a computers hard drive but with newer, smaller compressed formats such as MP3 on the market the option of buying a CD compared to a smaller and cheaper alternative looks bleak with time, so we see the CD taking a backseat to let newer recording and storage devices into the scene. Chapter 2 (A demanding society) In today’s society where consumers are demanding faster, cheaper and easier methods of gaining entertainment, they also demand a new outlook towards devices, gadgets and components with which to view or listen to their product. This chapter underlines the changes of which new technology has an effect, they way society and subcultures are shaped by technology and how technology is forced to develop and become more advanced to meet the needs and perceptions of its consumers. In recent years the ‘compact disk’ has ended the forty year reign of the twelve inch LP, with which came consequences for production, distribution and marketing, and in turn disks and tapes have been threatened by technologies which can deliver high quality sound via cable direct to potential consumers, eliminating the need for the already established pattern of product marketing and distribution. Although the invention of the phonograph and gramophones were considered important aspects in creating the a mass market for music and entertainment, â€Å"the record industry has been shaped by the need to cope with its volatile market so its established practices and institutions have been constantly undermined by technological innovations which not only offer new and better ways of doing things but, as we shall see, have generally had the effect of increasing the consumers choice at the expense of the industries ability to control its market†. (Scott, D. Martin, P. 1995 p.209) There are many important connections between technology, musical characteristics and social groups, and as it may be argued that the fundamental coordinates of a musical form are not determined by its social base, but each social group or subculture corresponds to certain acceptable genres. During the 1970’s and 1980’s the idea that the characteristics of a musical form could give life or influence to the social reality of a culture became more and more popular with incorporated sociological categories such as class, ethnicity and importantly age. â€Å"In 1987 John Shepard extended this type of analysis to gender, arguing that different voice types or timbres in popular music gave expression to different kinds of gender identities†. (Clayton, M. Herbert, T. Middleton, R. 2003, p. 7, p. 14) The 1990’s saw different factors concerning the cultural study of music and the analytical evidence with particular social categories such as, class, ethnicity, age, subculture and counterculture. This had been replaced with a more embracing and persistent concern with social identity. With the concept of youth culture, it’s assumed that teenagers share similar leisure interests and pursuits and were involved in some kind of revolt against their parents and elders. The arrival of youth culture is said to be linked with the growth and increased incomes of early working class youths which allowed greater spending power and the means to express their individual interests and styles which caused large markets to develop more interest for the youth culture, most notably resulting in music and fashion. It’s with particular music styles, genres and clothing styles and labels that predominantly place our identities within a culture or subculture, which technology helps shape and create aspirations in a similar way. â€Å"Teenage culture is a contradictory mixture of the authentic and the manufactured: it is an area of self-expression for the young and a lush grazing ground for the commercial providers†. (Hall, S. Whannel, P. 1964, p.) â€Å"The compressed file format known as MP3 is at the centre of debate towards file-sharing and digital downloading and is thought to be downgrading towards the level of audible quality in music. Yet the mp3 is also a cultural artefact, apsychoacoustic technology that literally playsits listeners. Being a container technology type for recorded sound, the mp3 proves that the quality of ‘portability’ is central to the history of auditory representation and shows that digital audio culture works according to logics somewhat dissimilar from digital visual culture†. (Jonathan Sterne, 2006. New Media and Society, Vol. 8, No. 5, 825-842 DOI: 10.1177/1461444806067737) Today’s young generation aren’t so aware of the historical factors and important issues which lead to the advances, demands and uses of audible quality music but more so, on the social aspects of consumption, portability and quantity of music. A spokes person for the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand, Terrance O’Neill-Joyce, argues that: â€Å"The problem is not with the actual technology of MP3, which he believes is being effectively used by many music producers, but rather the ineffective means of securing remuneration for artists. It’s a case of technology outstripping legislation and a lack of proper commercial framework being established as of yet† (Shuker. 2001 p. 65) MP3 is a technology encoding, recorded sound, so that it takes up less storage space than it would otherwise. The size of an MP3 file makes it practical to transfer high –quality music files over the internet and store them on a computers hard drive, where as CD quality tracks take longer to download and transfer. The MP3 file has become very popular as a way to distribute and access music even though there has been enormous debate over the economic and cultural implications of this new technology. For the typical music consumer the MP3 file is considered a blessing as anyone can access a wide range and varieties of music mostly for free as well as having the option to compile their own albums of single tracks from their favorite artists without having to acquire the whole album itself. For artists and producers the MP3 allows them to distribute their music possibly to a world wide audience without tackling the political processes and mediation of the music industry. For mainstream artists on major record labels the MP3 raises concerns of profit loss from consumers due to illegal downloads which are free of charge and easy to attain. On the other hand for strictly internet distributed music producers and publishers the MP3 opens up many opportunities for smaller, more innovative labels and companies. (Shuker. 2001, Pg 65) Each new medium of technology, communication or entertainment that’s introduced to a mainstream audience creates drastic changes towards the way in which we experience music, this also has implications for how we relate to and consume music. The changes and advances in technological recording equipment open, both constraints and opportunities relating to the organisation process and production of music, while the developments within musical instrumentation allow the emergence of ‘new sounds’. Most important of all, each new recording format or device used for transmission inevitably alters the previously established process of music production and consumption; they also raise questions about authorship and the legal status of music as a property and the ongoing battle with piracy and profit loss. Napster software was introduced in 1999, designed as a search engine, communication portal and file-sharing software that facilitated the sharing process by granting users access to all other Napster and the mp3 files they choose to share. Within a few months, transfers of music files using Napster reached millions per day, and at its peak, it was estimated that as many as sixty million people were using the site. â€Å"Whereas Napster requires users to first log onto a central server to access other users MP3 files, these newer networks allow direct user-to-user (P2P) connections involving multiple file types. These innovations expand the universe of file sharing activity and make it virtually impossibly to track users of the files they choose to share† (Garofalo, 2003 cited in Shuker, 2008 pg, 23) Digital distribution continuously threatened the music business and the control of music by the record companies. This method also lowers manufacturing and distribution costs while putting pressure on marketing and other aspects of the process. With the industry failing to stop illegal downloads and P2P (peer-to-peer) distribution of recorded music over the last five years, record labels have finally decided to adapt their business to suit the way its consumers get hold on their music. It’s becoming more and more apparent that albums and artists are making very little or no money in the music industry because of the lack of physical CD sales as the majority of money spent during the traditional production process goes towards many aspects such as the production, promotion, duplication and distribution of a product. Mainly within the music business P2P technologies are a positive means for consumers and creative artists because all costs of production, promotion, marketing and distribution are dramatically lowered. These new technologies and approaches to digital distribution means old and new artists are able to earn more profits through selling singles and albums through P2P networks as the production process costs a fraction of the album or single. Because they can charge less they earn and sell more which means more artists will benefit financially and the industries broad range of music will receive a wider market to distribute to. â€Å"It is easy to see that we are living in a time of rapid and radical social change, it is much less easy to come to terms with the fact that such change will, without doubt, affect the nature of those academic disciplines that both reflect our society and help to shape it† (Hawkes. 2003. p.7) The growing concern with the music industry today is focused heavily on the affects of digital downloads and the fall of physical album/record sales sold in high street music shops and online stores. The debate continues as sales in the US as well as the UK have fallen due to a number of factors involving the growth of technology and the way we consume our entertainment. According to recent industry researchers, figures show that today’s music industry (UK), has suffered a drop of up to 11% of record sales in 2007, but download sales boosted the singles market by nearly 30% last year as single sales increased from 67m in 2006 to 86.6m in 2007, up 29.3%. Despite there being best-selling albums from artists like Amy Winehouse and Leona Lewis, only 138.1 million albums were sold in 2007, compared with 154.7 million in 2006. Amy Winehouses Back to Black was the most popular album of 2007, with 1.85 million copies sold. Leona Lewis debut album Spirit came second, even though it was only released in November. Music industry body the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) put the 10.8% fall down to copyright theft and difficult retail conditions. Having the option of album unbundling is also a problem as consumers are able to select which tracks they want to download from each album, this means albums are not being sold as whole units and says a lot to the artists themselves about what their audience wants. Music Industry Analyst Michael McGuire of Gartner Research told Agency France-Press news agency: â€Å"It comes back to consumers being in complete control of their media experience†. Mr McGuire said fans were sending artists a message: â€Å"While you may have put a lot of thought into the sequence of the album, I only like these three songs†. BPI chief executive Geoff Taylor said: â€Å"The UK market has shown considerable resilience in recent years while global recorded music markets have declined.† Recording companies have a major influence on the music we listen to and shape what’s known as popular music within society. The term ‘popular music’ defies a precise straightforward definition and is usually over looked and the understanding of the term is taken for granted. To fully understand the term popular music it’s necessary to address the general field of popular culture within cultural studies. (See: Studying Popular Music Culture, Tim Wall). In this instance I refer the word popular music from the historical term for popular as the ‘ordinary people’, these days the meaning of the term has expanded, ‘all music is popular music’ meaning ‘music that is popular with someone’. â€Å"Young peoples musical activities whatever their cultural background or social position, rest on a substantial and sophisticated body of knowledge about popular music. Most young people have a clear understanding of its different genres, and an ability to hear and place sounds in terms of their histories, influences and sources. Young musicians and audiences have no hesitation about making and justifying judgements of meaning and value† (Willis. 1990: 59 cited in Shuker. p.98) The music industry is big business, and international multi-billion dollar enterprise historically centred in the United States with the United Kingdom making a significant artistic contribution to the industry and developing trends as well as the emergence of Japanese media technologies playing a major part in the music industry for its commercial designs of gadgets and devices. Recording companies are the most important part of the music industry and fall into two main groups: ‘the major’ international labels and the smaller ‘independent’ labels who’s structures and operating processes take on a similar role, blurring the distinctions between the two. These differences I will try to evaluate later on in chapter 3. The major labels are renowned for sourcing young talent, recording, promoting, marketing and distributing his/her music which has a powerful effect on the popular consumer, cultures and subcultures due to the image associated with that particular genre or style of music which is marketed, but its future is usually determined by the listener themselves. â€Å"For after the commercial power of the record companies has been recognised, after the persuasive sirens of the radio acknowledged, after the recommendations of the music press noted, it is finally those who buy the records, dance to the rhythm and live to the beat who demonstrate, despite the determined conditions of its production, the wider potential of pop† (Chambers, 1985: Introduction cited in Shuker 2001 p.23) Consumers are becoming less influenced by the major record labels with the help from the internet as consumers have more freedom to discover new genres and styles which are delivered in new ways. Record labels will always have a certain level of influence to its popular markets but now its the customer who decides on what they really like and want to listen to without feeling outside of the ‘popular music’ category. â€Å"I think there are many benefits for a musician not being signed to a label. I’ve seen first hand, from my experience at major labels, where they will sign up and coming artists b

Pornography Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Pornography Pornography is ripping apart our society. Although Christians are sometimes discus tied with the impact and apathetic about the need to control this menace. Pornography is a year business with close ties to organized crime. Pornography involves books, magazines, videos, and devices and has moved from the society into the mainstream through the renting of video cassettes, sales Of so-called "soft-porn" magazines, and the airing of sexually explicit movies on Cable television. To some, pornography is nothing more than a few pictures of scantily clad Women in seductive poses. But pornography has become much more than just Photographs of nude women. Computer technology is providing child molesters and child pornographers with powerful new tools for victimizing children. Pornography as "the sexually explicit depiction of persons, in words or images, Sexual arousal on the part of the consumer of such materials. No one can prove those films with graphic sex or violence has a harmful effect on viewers. But there seems to be little doubt that films do have some effect on society and that all of us live with such effects. The question of how society will function when all checks that a few thousand years of civilization have imposed have disappeared has yet to be answered. Society has been trained to view photographs as representations of Reality, but digital imaging has quickly tossed that mindset aside. The underlying Problem results in questioning of everyday events such as, the ability to look at a Photo and trust that the images we see are truly representative of the situation. The ability to alter images can open creative outlets for photographers and In turn, produce better quality work. Any photog... ...nities of the porno plague. We should express our concern to local Officials through letters and petitions about adult movie houses and bookstores in the community. But if we receive pornographic material in the mail, we should Report it to our postmaster and request that federal agents take action. One Important thing is not to patronize stores that sell pornographic materials. Consider organizing a boycott and pickets in order to get community attention Focused on the problem. And even try to start a neighborhood meeting or something to help out around the community. To conclude this report pornographic material is hurting America but not in a big way and it is bringing us down as a society and not really being great role Models to our kids. Its might be a good thing to have and to some people might be A bad thing to someone. Thank you for reading my report. Pornography Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays Pornography Pornography is ripping apart our society. Although Christians are sometimes discus tied with the impact and apathetic about the need to control this menace. Pornography is a year business with close ties to organized crime. Pornography involves books, magazines, videos, and devices and has moved from the society into the mainstream through the renting of video cassettes, sales Of so-called "soft-porn" magazines, and the airing of sexually explicit movies on Cable television. To some, pornography is nothing more than a few pictures of scantily clad Women in seductive poses. But pornography has become much more than just Photographs of nude women. Computer technology is providing child molesters and child pornographers with powerful new tools for victimizing children. Pornography as "the sexually explicit depiction of persons, in words or images, Sexual arousal on the part of the consumer of such materials. No one can prove those films with graphic sex or violence has a harmful effect on viewers. But there seems to be little doubt that films do have some effect on society and that all of us live with such effects. The question of how society will function when all checks that a few thousand years of civilization have imposed have disappeared has yet to be answered. Society has been trained to view photographs as representations of Reality, but digital imaging has quickly tossed that mindset aside. The underlying Problem results in questioning of everyday events such as, the ability to look at a Photo and trust that the images we see are truly representative of the situation. The ability to alter images can open creative outlets for photographers and In turn, produce better quality work. Any photog... ...nities of the porno plague. We should express our concern to local Officials through letters and petitions about adult movie houses and bookstores in the community. But if we receive pornographic material in the mail, we should Report it to our postmaster and request that federal agents take action. One Important thing is not to patronize stores that sell pornographic materials. Consider organizing a boycott and pickets in order to get community attention Focused on the problem. And even try to start a neighborhood meeting or something to help out around the community. To conclude this report pornographic material is hurting America but not in a big way and it is bringing us down as a society and not really being great role Models to our kids. Its might be a good thing to have and to some people might be A bad thing to someone. Thank you for reading my report.

A Semiotic Analysis of a Newspaper Story Essay

A logical place to start may be to ask ‘what is news?’ Professor Jonathan Bignell suggests that ‘news is not just facts, but representations produced in language and other signs like photographs.’ The newspaper is just one medium of news communication; other media include television, radio, magazines, and the Internet. We will concentrate on a particular news item as covered in three different British daily newspapers, namely The Sun, The Telegraph, and The Times. The story which is being covered is that of the death of a female police officer who was stabbed by a man whilst she was on duty. The medium of the newspaper is particularly interesting as signifiers are presented simultaneously thus offering a concrete display of signs which the reader can consume at their own pace and can also be re-read, as opposed to television or radio news which can only be watched or listened to at particular times. The process of selection is central to the production of all newspapers. This involves selecting events which are considered to be worthy of being printed as news, and excluding news which is considered to be irrelevant, insignificant or unworthy of news coverage. Thus news is a social construct dependent on what is deemed to be important by those who work in the ‘news industry’ based on certain codes of behaviour which have been learned by news workers in order to do their job. The codes of behaviour which have been learnt by news workers undoubtedly depend on the particular newspaper for which they are working. It could be suggested that in British society most adults would be aware of the conventions of different newspapers. We will attempt to examine the types of sign systems within which a particular news story is encoded in a selection of newspapers, and how these different sign systems may affect meaning. It is clear when looking at The Sun, The Telegraph, and The Times articles, which were all published on Saturday, April 18th, 1998 that each newspaper attaches significance to different news items. This is made clear by looking at the front pages of each newspaper, with The Sun’s main front page story concentrating on the relationship of Patsy Kensit and Liam Gallagher, compared to The Telegraph’s main story which concentrates on a ‘shake-up’ of scientific committees that advise government ministers on food safety; and The Times main front page story which covers the story of the new National Lottery Big Ticket show which is facing the BBC ‘axe’ . Although we will not be concentrating on the comparison of the front pages of the newspapers in this term paper, these examples demonstrate how drastically the different newspapers differ in what constitutes front-page news. The examples also demonstrate the interpretation of newspaper conventions, as we analyse the stories which are considered to be the intended main news of the front-page. As can be seen with the front page of The Sun the main story is clear as it dominates most of the available space on the front-page. However, with the other newspapers the distinction is not quite as clear. The main criteria when deciding on which was the main story of the front-pages of The Telegraph and The Times was the size of the typeface of the headline. This emphasises that the reader comes to the newspaper with a set of codes with which to decode the text, and these codes may differ from individual to individual. This leads to the point that the text is open to a variety of interpretations depending on the ideological standpoint of the reader, and whether the reader is familiar with the newspaper and the codes which. it employs to communicate the ‘news’ which it has selected. Connotations of the linguistic and visual signs which are presented by newspapers are central to the meaning of the news item to the reader. The connotations of the news item are perceived within a coded framework and there are recognisable codes within different newspapers. It is clear that different newspapers use particular narrative codes when representing the same item of news. This can be seen in the three headlines which refer to the particular news item which I have chosen to examine. The Sun headline states ‘SCANDAL OF PSYCHO FREED TO KILL HERO COP NINN’, The Telegraph – ‘WPc was knifed to death after removing armour’, and The Times – ‘WPc paid with her life for dedication to duty.’ Each of these narrative codes used in the headlines instantly provide a framework on which to build the meaning of the news item. The headlines are linguistic syntagms which aim to attract the attention of the reader to the topic of the news st ory, and the linguistic signs which are employed in the headline suggest to the reader the appropriate codes which are needed to understand or decode the news item. It is clear that the newspapers use different linguistic codes as a means of representing the news item. The Times and The Telegraph are similar in their use of language. However, both differ dramatically with The Sun. It is clear that The Sun uses orally based vocabulary, and dramatic and sensational language. This can be seen in the first sentence of the news item, which reads ‘A. violent cop-hating nut killed brave WPC Nina Mackay after a catastrophic catalogue of blunders by Crown prosecutors and police allowed him to roam free.’ The article also employs alliteration for emphasis , as in ‘catastrophic catalogue’ and ‘scandal of psycho’. The linguistic codes of the news item certainly connote speech which in turn connotes familiarity, informality, and camaraderie. The article also implies familiarity with the victim (We Nina Mackay) who is referred to throughout as ‘Nina’ where as a distance is created between the reader and the offender who is referred to throughout by his surname, Elgizouli. This code of familiarity is significantly different to that which is employed by The Telegraph and The Times who refer to the victim either in her professional capacity (WPc Nina Mackay) or by her full name. However, it is perhaps significant that the offender is referred to by his surname in all of the different representations of the news items. This strategy of distancing the reader from the criminal is blatantly employed by all three of the newspapers, clearly suggesting that the preferred reading of the texts should involve no sympathy with the offender. Another drastic difference between the newspaper representations of the news item are the typographic devices used to break up the text. Again, The Sun differs dramatically to The Telegraph and The Times using bold text to start the article, serving to extend the role of the headline in attracting the attention of the reader to the topic of the news story. The use of bold and one word sub-headings which are employed throughout the text serve to direct the reader in making meaning of the text and make blatantly obvious the points which the newspaper deem to be of particular significance to the understanding of the news item. The Telegraph and The Times do not employ the same typographic codes as The Sun, apart from bold type which is used for the headline, and the bold type used to name the journalist/s of the article. The narrative of the news story uses the same type and size of font throughout the item. Arguably, this connotes authority and formality to the reader which is also demonstrated by the fairly long sentences, the correct spellings and the lack of colloquial language such as ‘cop’ which is used in The Sun. This perhaps implies that the ‘quality’ press such as The Times and The Telegraph provide better news than tabloids such as The Sun. However, this kind of value judgement is inappropriate as both types of newspaper are constructions of the news with the ‘quality’ newspapers aiming to connote authority and formality and the ‘popular’ tabloids aiming to connote an attitude of ‘telling it how it is.’ Thus both types of representation of the news items present mythic meanings. Linguistic and typographic codes are not the only codes employed in news discourse. Graphic codes must also be considered. The photographs used in the press have also undergone a process of selection. One image will be chosen over another as it connotes a message that the selectors of the photograph want to communicate. Barthes (cited in Bagnell, 1977:98) suggests that the newspaper photograph is ‘an object that has been worked on, chosen, composed, constructed, treated according to professional, aesthetic or ideological norms which are so many factors of connotation.’ The ‘treatment’ of photographs which is referred to by Barthes can be seen in the different newspapers which I have chosen. Interestingly, each version of the news item has used the same photographs, but treated them differently according to the required connotation. Each representation uses the same picture of the victim in her police uniform looking directly at the camera, and the same pictu re of the offender looking vacant and away from the camera. Again, The Times and The Telegraph use similar codes, and The Sun employs a drastically different strategy despite using the same original photographs. The most drastic difference is that The Sun presents the photographs in colour, connoting realism and the dangerousness of the offender. This is also connoted by the size of the photographs, with the graphic representation dominating a large proportion of the overall available space on the page, which is another drastic difference between The Sun’s representation of the news item and the other two newspapers. Despite these major differences it is significant that the newspapers have all used the same photographs, and it is interesting to look at why these particular photographs might have been chosen. Paradigmatically, photographs involve connotations, and thus the significance of the particular photographs which have been chosen can be seen more clearly when considering what other paradigmatic connotations might have appeared in their place. For example the connotations of the picture of the police officer would change considerably if she was not in uniform. Likewise, the connotations of the picture would change if the offender was looking directly at the camera and smiling, instead he is pictured looking away from the camera with a blank expression, connoting lack of emotion. The contrasted pairs which seem to be involved in the paradigms are innocence and guilt, justice and injustice. These contrasted pairs are made more clear by the way in which the meanings of the photographs are anchored in a small amount of text beneath the photographs. The Times offers its own contrasted pair in the text beneath the pictures, namely ‘killer’ and ‘killed’. As Bignell (1997:99) suggests, the caption underneath the picture enables the reader to ‘load down the image with particular cultural meanings and the photograph functions as the proof that the text’s message is true.’ The pictures are also shown in different contexts in the three newspapers with The Sun using a different strategy to The Telegraph and The Times. The Telegraph and The Times use similar sized pictures of the individuals involved. In The Sun the size of the photographs of the individuals differ considerably with the ‘killer’ being represented as significantly bigger than the ‘killed’. Also, the photograph of the police officer is presented in a photograph-like frame connoting sentimentality, and elevating her position in comparison to the ‘killer’. This emotionalism is carried over into the other picture which The Sun represents which shows the coffin of the police officer being carried by her colleagues. This is a cultural sign which most readers will be able to relate to, and connotes sympathy, tragedy and injustice. This discussion of several newspapers’ representations of the same news item show how semiotic analysis can determine the meanings of such news items, as a result of the linguistic and visual signs used within the texts. However, semiotic analysis cannot determine how an individual reader might interpret the representations of the news items in a real social context. Semiotic analysis does offer an insight into the factors at work in the production of a news item and distinguishes the various codes which are employed by different types of newspaper when representing a particular news item.